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shipitfish) wrote2006-06-13 04:32 pm
The Student, The Teacher and Level-2 Play
Like most people of reasonable intelligence who have a disdain for the corporate world, I spent far too much time in the academic world. I have an utterly useless Master's degree in Computer Science, that I pursued only because corporate technology jobs were sucking my will to live and I couldn't think of anything else to do. During my time in graduate school, I also spent a year teaching high school. I got out of the whole experience alive, without spending years of my life writing a PhD dissertation that only five people would ever read. I sometimes consider it a narrow escape.
There are, however, certain principles of academic work that create useful lifelong habits. Frankly, the academic “skill” of pouring over mounds of seemingly useless information, condensing it into something vaguely applicable, and then going out and trying to make something of it has served me well in life, and in poker, especially. There are certain ways in which a rigorous pursuit poker success is like the academic lifestyle.
The most obvious graduate school principle that applies to poker is the need for constant yet independent study. There is rarely heavy structure in graduate programs, and so it is in poker. You can hire a coach (adviser), you can talk about hands with friends online and offline (study groups), but you are more or less on your own to learn.
But, the most interesting aspect of my years as teacher and student that have helped my poker game relates to development of “level 2” play. For those who aren't familiar with the term (or are more familiar with different phrasing), I'll digress a bit to define these so-called levels of play:
- Level 1:
- Knowing what hand you have (and its relative strength in given situations).
- Level 2:
- Knowing what hand your opponent has.
- Level 3:
- Knowing what hand your opponent thinks you have.
- Level 4:
- Knowing what hand your opponent thinks you think that he has.
Popular theories state that your best edge comes when you are thinking one level deeper than your opponent. (Personally, I think anything past level-3 is pure game theory, and it isn't worth psyching yourself out with it — if your opponent is that tough, just make the play that a rigorous game theoretical analysis suggests instead.)
I admit that I spent probably a year or two skating between levels 1 and 2. Not that I wasn't capable of deep thought, and even hitting the magical level-4 on occasion against players I knew well. However, your poker results come not from your maximal capability, but the skills you can sustain constantly for the duration of many sessions. For a long time, I spent most of my time on level-1, and my results showed it.
These days, I'm on level-2 consistently. (And, with good game selection, I rarely encounter opponents who spend most of their session on level-2, thus limiting my need for level-3.) I got there by slowly building level-1 thinking into my hypothalamus, so that it never becomes conscious enough to cloud my active mind, which remains focused on level-2. My goal, of course, is to make that level-2 thinking as solid and ingrained as my level-1 thinking has become. Lately, I've thought about how my academic experiences aid in this process.
The connection wasn't obvious at first. I put it together when
listening closely to whiny rants of “good players”,
complaining that games with too many “donkeys” aren't
beatable because these “donkeys” play too
illogically. I can't possibly put them on that hand
, these
“good players” lament. I always thought such statements
were ludicrous: if a player has less skill in this game of
skill, you should beat him in the long run, right? Of
course! It's not that level-2 thinking doesn't work here, it's that
you have to work (ironically) a bit harder at it.
When I'm playing against weak, level-1-struggling opponents, it's much like being a graduate student in a room full of undergraduates, or, in the most extreme cases, like standing in front of my high school students as a young Computer Science teacher. Do you remember, by the way, that excellent TA you had your freshman year, who made everything so clear? How about the terrible one who was useless in the problem sessions because everything he said was over your head? And in high school: remember that teacher that droned on Ben-Stein-style, and the one who dynamically engaged the students?
What often separates good TA's from bad ones, and good teachers from bad ones is their ability to have some level-2 thinking about their students. The best teachers reach back to the time in their lives when they didn't understand the material. Every teacher was once a student, it's just that most of them have forgotten what it was like. Wisdom and knowledge have replaced that confusion, that flawed logic, and that unclear reasoning. However, the best teachers that can revisit that spot in their past, and walk the student through the jumble into clarity.
When you are up against clueless “donks”, who are still struggling to understand when to raise or fold holding top pair, you have to get down to their level. They don't think the way you think; you've progressed beyond their level-1 thinking and have ingrained good, strong level-1 thought into your routine. But, for you to properly use your level-2 edge against them, you have to trace their flawed thought patterns. Like the teacher guiding students through murky, complicated new material, you have to set aside your own deep knowledge of the game and think like they think.
If nothing else, it will keep your game fresh. Sure, there are only so many “right ways” for you to play a flopped set on a two-tone board. You probably know and have tried them all and know the trade-offs. But, that guy across the table from you hasn't. He may still think min-raising is the right play. He might think slow-playing is correct. He might even be so confused, and not even realize the strength of his hand at all, and just call on every street!
It's your job to think like he does, not try to to graft your logic
onto his play. Don't rhetorically ask What was he thinking!?!
in pure disgust; instead, ask yourself that question seriously. It's
your job as a good player to have a reasonable response. Indeed, if
you're playing your best game, you should be able to give a
dissertation on his muddled sophistry.
Hmm, maybe my narrow escape from obscure academic knowledge wasn't as clean as I thought. I'll ponder that the next time I'm writing the 20-page psychology thesis in my mind's eye entitled: Tonight's Big Fish: How he Overplays Top Pair but Only on Boards With Straight Draws.
no subject
Maybe my problem is that since I play micro limits, some people aren't even playing at level one and they have no motivation for betting or calling other than to gamble it up.
It seems that the only people I can reliably put on a hand are those with the most predicable betting patterns. Also, I never seem to play against any one opponent long enough to see if I'm right. I've been taking notes, but they're usually more warnings that they're the type to limp with AK and AA than anything else.
Are there certain characteristics that you see that lend you to getting a read on a player?
no subject
I suppose the once place where it is toughest is the truly micro-limits that you play. I know what you are talking about; I was sick yesterday (bad enough to use a sick day at work), and I stayed at home. As I felt better in the evening, I decided to play poker, but being sick I didn't want to do anything that could actually hurt my bankroll, so I played $10 buy-in NL HE.
I can see what you are saying about it. You are right that at that level, level-1 thinking is very murky in the minds of your opponents. This fact alone can help you, though. When I play at those stakes, I basically use a strategy very close to my limit HE game at a very loose table, with a minor adjustment to value medium-pocket-pairs higher than I would in limit. I never continuation bet, as you suggest, on the flop when I have nothing. I wait until I have top pair or better to bet, but I use check-raising more often to shut people out when I have a medium strength holding (that's a limit thing that I use less in NL because it dangerously reopens the betting, but I am less worried about it given the passivity in the $10 buy-in game).
These games just aren't bluffable. You're bluffs aren't succeeding, as you see, but what you see happening is they are paying off with extremely questionable holdings. What I do in that spot is look for value bets that I can make that they are likely to pay off.
For example, if they have only $3 left, and the pot is $3, I'm more likely to bet $1, because it won't take their whole stack to call. People seem to really hate losing their stack in that game, and are less likely to call with marginal hands when you put them all in. However, they probably still call often enough that making a bluff that way is negative EV, since you are risking at worse odds.
As I see it, the other way to make money in these games is give up everything but your strongest hands when raised. Surprisingly, it seems the $10 games are full of calling stations that are too timid to raise unless their hand is huge. No one makes moves, so if someone is a true maniac, they will show it by raising every single hand. Most of the players there are just passive callers, so you can throw away top pair quickly for even a min-raise. (I should note that I've only played this game on Full Tilt, other sites may be different.)
BTW, you mention bluffing at scare-cards at the river after you've made a continuation bet on the flop having been the preflop raiser. Keep in mind that's a level-3 play that you are making against people who are struggling at level-1! He has to be able to understand what you were doing on the flop to be afraid when the scare card hits. You need a player that can think at level-2 for that bluff to work. Other people are just going to call. So, the play is a mistake because you are going to deep. Instead, wait until you have a marginal hand on the flop or turn (say, QT with top pair) and be willing to value bet it twice more often than you would against strong players, because these weak players will often call twice with middle pair. If they raise you, they are winning and you throw it away.
Finally, don't ever auto-pilot. I think I know what you meant, but there's a difference between auto-pilot and having something deeply ingrained. It's one thing to have something so deeply in your bones that it's second nature, but it's another to coast. Be sure you know the difference. Also, be sure you really have that level-1 thinking as much as you think you do. I used to think I really had a handle on level-1 thinking, but then discovered that I had some big leaks in how I valued hands. For example, what do you do with flopped open trips with second or third kicker when a reasonable player raises? How valuable is that hand? If you don't see immediately that you now have, at best, a drawing hand to three or four outs, you probably don't understand relative hand value well enough yet and you may have to dig deeper into level-1. There are dozens of subtle situations like that where the HE hand strength is deceptively weaker.
Hope this is helpful to you.